Case Study Contingency Behavior Decision Making

Weekly paper 7: Contingency-behavior: Decision Making: Viren Kheni Decision-making is the study of identifying and choosing alternatives based on the values and preferences of the decision maker. Making a decision implies that there are alternative choices to be considered, and in such a case we want not only to identify as many of these alternatives as possible but to choose the one that best fits with our goals, objectives, desires, values, and so on. *(Harris (1980)) In the last session we discussed about traits as a contingency approach to a leadership. We are going to discuss about behavioral study as a contingency approach to leadership. We will be covering several theories under behavioral approach. In this paper it’s all about normative decision-making process, tools for effective decision-making, six thinking hats and its purpose. Simply the decision making process defined as the thought process of selecting a logical choice from the available options. When trying to make a good decision, a person must weight the positives and negati ves of each option, and consider all the alternatives. For effective decision-making, a person must be able to forecast the outcome of each option as well, and based on all these items, determine which option is the best for that particular situation. Its usual task that everyone does in his/her routine life. I would definitely agree with you when you say decision-making process is frustrating sometimes. I can give you the best exampleShow MoreRelatedChief Kobys Management Style1551 Words   |  7 Pagessolving (Hess Orthmann, 2012). This case study will briefly explore the concepts of the contingency theory, and how it could have been applied to Chief Koby’s management style. The chief’s leadership and management style has greatly affected his organization as a whole. It is also noted that he was severely criticized for mishandling the controversial murder case of Jonbenet Ramsey, along with two other high profile incidents which will be discussed in this case study (Haberfeld, 2013). Analysis TomRead MoreOrganizational Behavior : Human Relations Approach1322 Words   |  6 PagesOrganizational behavior basically connotes the study of the thinking of people, their actions and how they feel in an organizational setting (Milner, 2006). Some of the main approaches or perspectives that have been applied in organizational behavior include the human relations approach, scientific management, and the contingency approach. In adopting a contingency approach, managers or leaders in an organization appreciate the complex nature of organizational behavior in the particular organizationRead MoreWhat Is Organizational Behavior?1458 Words   |  6 PagesOrganizational Behavior - a systematic study of a person’s behavior. 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Blindness By Jose Saramago s Blindness - 1646 Words

Extensionalism that is Presented in Blindness by Josà © Saramago A person is not just characterized by those particular circumstances that they find themselves in, but by how they respond to those moments. The phenomenal novel, Blindness, written by Jose Saramago, showcases the storyline of a country that encounters a widespread disease that leads to several people catching a type of blindness where they can only see white. The unfortunate people who have received the terribly contagious disease spreading around are to be isolated in an abandoned mental hospital to avoid the spreading of the blindness. Existentialism is the philosophy that one can be influenced tremendously from the external factors surrounding them. This is portrayed†¦show more content†¦She replied by saying, â€Å"My affection†¦ I m remaining to help you and the other people who may come here, however don t reveal to them I can see† (Saramago, 40). This quote proves that she is a very nice an d kind person who is always there for the people she loves and cares about. She would take the possibility of catching a disease where one can only see white in order to remain with her husband who is ill. By staying with her husband while he is in desperate need of help, she proves that she is one of the kindest characters in the novel. However, as the book progresses, her trait of kindness quickly fades away after experiencing an atrocious situation. A group of people, formed in the hospital, were collecting all the food from the patients, and the only way the people had a chance of retrieving it was by making the women have intercourse with the men of the group. When the doctor’s wife was forced to have intercourse, she was traumatized, and knew that she needed to find a way to end the catastrophe. In order to do this, she decided to kill the leader of the group, and stabbed him in the throat with a pair of scissors. The author describes the wife at that moment by writing, â€Å"she had blood on her hands and clothes†¦but she knew that if it were necessary, she would kill again† (Saramago, 192). This quote shows the readers how much the wife has changed because of one event that occurred. She went fromShow MoreRelatedCritique Of Blindness In Jose Saramagos Blindness1387 Words   |  6 Pages Critique of Blindness Human nature is defined by emotional expression, the desire to learn, individuality, and freedom of will. It enables people to make decisions on how they will conduct their daily interactions and, therefore, dictates how society will be run. Josà © Saramago’s novel, Blindness, tells the grim tale of a society devastated by a blindness epidemic known as the â€Å"white evil.† Without their sight, people are no longer able to act in a civilized manner and become aggressive towardsRead MorePlot and Literary Style Must Interact in an Effective Way838 Words   |  4 Pagestrying to communicate in the piece. Both â€Å"Blindness† by Josà © Saramago and â€Å"The New York Trilogy† by Paul Auster are novels in which the literary style used enhances the plot of the story. Similarly, the storyline justifies the reasons behind the use of that author’s particular style. Saramago’s style of writing reinforces the plot because it represents and explains the events and psychological struggles endured by each individual in the novel. In Blindness, the narrator does not reveal the characters’Read MorePhilip Zimbardo’S Famous Quote Was Inspired From His Stanford1861 Words   |  8 Pageswho live there and they must continue with it as it is tradition although many would like to get rid of it. The last piece which won a nobel prize written in 1995 called â€Å"Blindness† originally written in portuguese by Jose Saramago. The story is about a sudden blindness that strikes the city and becomes epidemic and the blindness is actually white not black. The two pieces of literature along with Zimbardo’s Stanford experiment help support the argument that humans will activate their animalistic

Boyhood Movie Sound and Imagery Essay Example For Students

Boyhood Movie Sound and Imagery Essay Boyhood, is a unique movie. At first it does not seem like such an original plot. However, what makes it so unique is that it was filmed over the span of 12 years, with the same cast. Directed by Richard Linklater, Boyhood, is about a 6 year old boy named Mason, growing up and coming of age with his family. The audience has the chance to see Mason grow up to age 18. In the years in between, the audience has the chance to experience the good, the bad, and the heartbreak through Masons eyes. The patience of the director isnt the only impressive part; the cinematography and sound equally contribute to the effect of the film. People say sound and acting is what makes a movie, and sound is especially important in this movie. While Mason is younger, more hard rock and playful songs play to attribute to his youth. For example, 2 minutes into the film, Mason goes out to graffiti an underpass with his friend. As theyre riding out to the overpass, hard rock plays to accompany the nostalgic feeling of being a rambunctious child doing mischievous things. The music played in any movie, tries to give the audience the feeling of being in a similar situation. Another example is when Mason, his mother, and sister move to Houston, Texas. Were shown them driving in the car with all of their belongings as the sun goes down, and Mason and his sister squabble over space. At that moment Sheryl Crows song, Soak Up The Sun, plays, and could potentially tell the viewers that things will get better for their move. If any other song were playing, it might make it seem like their mother had a terrible agenda for the family. Background music is a conveyer of feelings, but unfiltered sung music counts too. As Mason grew older, a scene with his family singing together on the porch, has an impact. The summer night gives a feeling of being together, with the people you love, and just being able to spend relaxed time with them. Boyhood, isnt a silent film, and music is not the only sound. The voices and tones of the characters translates a lot to the audience as well. The characters emotional responses tell the viewers how to feel. Without the emotions of the cast, audiences wouldnt be able to deduce that the first stepfather is an overly controlling man. The tones of his voice are condescending and rude to Masons mom. Later, we find that he is an alcoholic, and physically abusive. One day, when Mason comes home, he find his mom on the garage floor. His mother sounds panicked, and tells him that shes okay, but he should go inside. Later, during dinner, the stepfather becomes destructive and chucks cups at his kids. The viewers would have no idea whats going on without the dialogue. Viewers would most likely think that she fell as she said. In Boyhood, there are many scenes with spoken language and music, but there were also many with just ambient noise with actions on screen. In such a dramatic movie, there are many silent scenes used to break news, or to become the central focus of a dramatic scene. For instance, an older Mason is driving with his biological father to the grandparents house, to celebrate Masons 15th birthday. His father speaks of the old car he owned, and eventually sold. Mason becomes upset and both become silent, since his father had promised that car to him when he was younger. Silences can be used as a transitional effect as well. As they pulled up to Masons grandparents cabin, the camera shows the elderly couple with their dog, smiling and waving happily. There is no sound at all. This scene emphasizes the visual effects of what the audience is seeing. Boyhood, is a movie that is full of small impressions made by sound and visual effects. Through this films sound and visuals, it allows audiences to get feel the emotions that the characters are experiencing.

Dishonesty and Manipulation in Othello free essay sample

This initiates the primary plot of the play which follows the development in Othello’s character, his growing rage and disbelief in his wife, fuelled by the ironic dishonesty, and hence manipulation of the repetitively titled â€Å"honest Iago†. Critic Norrie Eystein, author of The Friendly Shakespeare, notes that he is referred to as â€Å"honest Iago† â€Å"fifteen times, by every character including himself†. Iago’s dishonesty is contrasted in his soliloquies, where he approaches pure honesty, and when he is silent during the play’s end. It is this contrast which shapes the play itself. Iago personifies this theme of honesty and manipulation that is expressed in Othello, The play follows Iago in his ambition to destroy Othello, by means of manipulation, and his success in doing so. Iago is consistently dishonest with Othello, lying both about Desdemona’s apparent adultery and his motivation for saying so. In contrast, Iago has moments of absolute honesty in his soliloquies. Yale critic Harold Bloom would suggest that he does not speak to complete truth as he contradicts himself and searches for justification – â€Å"And what’s he then that says I play the villain, / When this advice is free†¦and honest†. Nevertheless, through Iago’s soliloquies, the audience or reader gains considerable insight in to what is really happening in the play. Here, Shakespeare’s use of dramatic irony perpetuates the centrality of the theme of honesty and manipulation as the audience/readers are the only ones who know the truth. In contrast to the Christian God, the honest, just, rock solid â€Å"I am†, Iago confesses his duplicitous nature â€Å"I am not what I am† at the start of the play. Use of such biblical allusion and imagery contrasts the manipulation and betrayal that Iago personifies. This idea of manipulation is developed in his second speech, â€Å"in following him, I follow but myself† and â€Å"I follow him to serve my own turn upon him†. Iago’s plans of manipulation for not only Othello, but also Roderigo, are foreshadowed by the cliche â€Å"I will wear my heart upon my sleeve for daws to peck at†. This imagery of birds pecking at Iago’s heart intensifies his sinister qualities. Fittingly, in Act One Scene Two, Iago is heard to swear by the Roman two-faced god Janus. Othello begins the play as an honourable and respected general – for Bloom â€Å"there is authenticity to his soul†. Despite common racial prejudice, senators and the like greet him as â€Å"valiant Othello† and â€Å"the noble Moor† as signs of respect. Othello is able to maintain a calm attitude in his powerful position by his mutual trust in his fellow Venetians, especially the likes of his right-hand men, including Iago. Trust and honesty come hand-in-hand, and so it is no surprise that Othello believes Iago to be an honest man, â€Å"And, for I know thou art full of love and honesty†. Iago (being anything but honest) plays on Othello’s ignorance, manipulating him to believe that his wife, Desdemona, is dishonest. Again, we can see how the use of manipulation is cause and effect of action in the play. These two principle characters are by no means the only souls in Othello who struggle in the conflict between honesty and dishonesty, yet any motivation for dishonesty can appear to differ. Whist generally appearing honest, Desdemona has deceived her father over her marriage to Othello. However, her motivation in doing so was to prevent, not cause, pain, â€Å"Such news would pain him severely, and I do not wish to bring such news unto him until I feel it would be right to do so. Skilfully, Iago manipulates Desdemona’s acknowledged deception, reminding Othello that â€Å"she did deceive her father, marrying you†, and planting the seed of doubt about her fidelity in Othello’s mind. Once convinced of her supposed affairs, Othello turns on Desdemona – â€Å"heaven knows thou art false as hell† – conjuring diabolical imagery that underscores her believed dis honesty, reversing the imagery that has so far been associated with Othello and Desdemona – him as the â€Å"blacker devil† and her as the â€Å"fair angel†. In contrast to Iago, whose dishonesty is motivated by malice, Desdemona’s ishonesty is more ‘innocent’. When Othello asks Desdemona for the for the whereabouts of the handkerchief he had given her as a gift long ago, Desdemona lies and says she knows where it is but doesn’t have it readily available, in order to cover up the fact that she has lost it – â€Å"I say, it is not lost†. The handkerchief symbolises the glue that holds their relationship together. Once this ‘glue’ has been removed there is no longer anything to keep the two from splitting and hence a sense of dishonesty and mistrust becomes apparent between them. Othello is soon to find that Desdemona has indeed lost the handkerchief, meaning he succumbs further to Iago’s poison of manipulation. Thus causation occurs, courtesy of this central theme of honesty and manipulation. In truth, Emilia, Iago’s wife and Desdemona’s trusted maidservant, has stolen the handkerchief. Emilia has been manipulated into taking the handkerchief by her husband, who ostensibly wanted to copy the handkerchief’s motif. Iago uses Emilia for his scheme and abuses her trusted relationship with Desdemona. Iago takes the handkerchief and plants it in Cassio’s bed. I know not that, but such a handkerchief I am sure it was your wife’s – Did I today see Cassio wipe his beard with†. Convinced that his wife has been unfaithful to him, Othello’s ignorance of the manipulative â€Å"demi-devil† in Iago and the good in his wife drives him to near madness. Shakespeare depicts this through the deterioration in O thello’s language – from poetic verse to prose to muddled and nonsensical singular words, â€Å"pish, lips, handkerchief†. Anguished, Othello’s mind is finally devastated as he confides in Iago’s conspiracy of doubt and he smothers Desdemona. Moments later he learns his drastic act of jealous aggression is actually the result of his trusted subordinate’s dishonest and manipulative plan. Distraught at the loss of her beloved mistress, Emilia reveals the truth to Othello about her husband’s deceitful conspiracy. Her truthful confession means the end of her own life as she is immediately slain by Iago. Yet again, Shakespeare indicates the centrality of honesty and manipulation in the play as it is the direct cause of actions undertaken by his characters. In our humanness, we are both intentionally honest and dishonest (perhaps manipulative) to some measure on the continuum. Othello, while dark of skin, is â€Å"far more fair than black† in contrast to Iago’s dark nature. Acknowledging his mistake of murdering his wife, Othello plays judge and jury on himself, passing a death sentence and executing suicide; this contrast to Iago’s silence. Iago neither justifies his actions nor admits his guilt, perhaps suggesting he does not feel any. This contrast highlights Iago as the â€Å"motiveless malignancy† and helps Shakespeare to conclude the play separating good (honesty and truth) and evil (dishonesty and manipulation). By acknowledging what he has done, Othello is able to maintain â€Å"authenticity to his soul† and regain his honour in the eyes of the audience. In contrast, Iago by his duplicity and then silence is dammed in literature for his dishonesty and manipulation. Honesty is a key theme in Othello which is directly related to the centrality of manipulation in the play. Shakespeare clarifies its centrality by the use of dramatic irony, soliloquy and symbolism in the play. Characters’ dishonesty and manipulation is clearly seen to be the cause of what is The Tragedy of Othello.

A monopoly market player Apple

A monopoly market player Apple A monopoly market player is a firm, which is the only one existent in a market. Monopolization is when a firm has a significant control to set the prices in a multiplayer market.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on A monopoly market player: Apple specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In 2005, even with more than one player in its market segment, Apple was able to sell a more expensive product and achieve 63% control of digital music players and 83% control of legal digital music download market. Such an achievement was made through leveraging on its ITunes store and stylish status of iPods. In charging high products, Apple built a premium and exclusives status for its products. Over the long term, this will create a cult like following for its products as long as the firm can keep on developing digital music players with the better technology than that of its competitors. This will require massive investment in idea and technology generation and development. Low sales numbers can easily lead to the company being bankrupt. In conclusion, charging high prices is a risky but highly rewarding option (Manikw, 2008). Diagram 1 represents a monopoly market. A monopolist is a price maker because the company does not face any competitors in such a case. Thus, there is a price inelastic demand where marginal cost meets marginal revenues, which represents the quantity for profit maximisation. The extrapolating the output up to its maximum to meet the average revenue and cost curves, we arrive at the prices P1 and P2. The total cost of production is P1Q1, while the total revenues are P2Q2; the difference is the supernormal profit. Considering diagram 2, prices decrease from P1 to P3, while quantity sold has an increase from Q1 to Q2. This is due to a different demand pattern brought about by different demographic and physiographic population factors, while a different cost pattern brought about by a change of the tax regime affects the cost pattern resulting in a different price maximizing output and different prices.Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More First, for price discrimination to take place, it must be performed in different geographical markets. Secondly, market segmentation is based on different demographic and physiographic population factors. Thirdly, inelastic price elasticity of demand ensures the advantage of price discriminators (Manikw, 2008). Monopolies and oligopolies are vital firms in a country especially if they can work competitively to bring new products to the market, while providing job places. Secondly, they accumulate large amounts of capital to the benefit of economy. However, consumer and labor groups have no trust in monopolies and oligopolies achieving this economic function without government oversight. Arguments for intellectual proper ty rights include giving the right of intellectual property to its owner, who can use it for financial gain. The right to own an intellectual property is a result of hard labor and investment in creating it. Thus, development to humanity would not occur from private entities but only from the government. The socialist and economic growth would follow the government’s agenda. Margins for firms would be thin since it is a price market (Dwivedi, 2002). Every industry deserves to obtain its intellectual rights, especially considering the economic significance of motivating capital and expertise investment. In such areas as healthcare, its importance to ensuring human rights observance and proper solutions to human health problems is significant. For such markets, additional control by government authorities is necessary to balance morality and intellectual rights (Perloff, 2009).Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on A monopoly market player: Apple specif ically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More References Dwivedi, D. (2002). Microeconomics: Theory and Application. India: Pearson education. Manikw, G. (2008). Principles of microeconomics: a guided tour. Connecticut: Cengage Learning. Perloff, J. (2009). Microeconomics. London: Pearson/Addison Wesley.

legislation and its impact on early years practice Essays

legislation and its impact on early years practice Essays legislation and its impact on early years practice Essay legislation and its impact on early years practice Essay In this authorship, I intend to discourse statute law and its impact on early old ages pattern, with respects to staff and kids. I will besides touch on stereotyping and favoritism and associate this in with countries of statute law. Harmonizing to the Government Equalities Office, the Equality Bill was published in 2009 on the 27th of April. I so became an Act of Parliament in the twelvemonth 2010 on the 8th of April. From this the Equality Act so came into force on the 1st of October 2010. The Equality Act merges together nine different pieces of statute law into the one Act. This was done to do it easier for the jurisprudence and besides to reenforce the importance of prosecuting in ways to halt favoritism. ( The Government Equalities Office ) These are one of many Acts of the Apostless that have been brought out to assist convey alteration to those people whose socio-economic position is low. ( Particularly resilient kids as they are less deprived ) Socio-economic position ( SES ) means An person s or group s place within a hierarchal societal construction hypertext transfer protocol: //dictionary.reference.com/browse/socioeconomic+status SES has an impact on how people get on in life, as SES can depend on person s income, business, their instruction, where the unrecorded and their overall wellness. SES extremely interlinks with poorness. Harmonizing to The Child Poverty Action Group ( CPAG ) 25 % of kids in Scotland are presently populating in poorness. This greatly impacts kids because if their parents/carers do non hold sufficient money to provide for their kid, can ensue in their kid holding a hapless diet, hapless wellness, lack books/toys to excite larning which may ensue in being intimidation by other kids because they do non fit in, from this kids will hold low instances of self-pride and non desire to travel to school which consequences in truanting. Depending on where households live, this can hold an impact on a kid because if the household live in a rundown estate, where there are high degrees of force and offense so parents/carers may non let their kid to be go out and play which consequences in a deficiency of chances for out-of-door drama and active acquisition. Besides, if the kid s parents do non hold a occupation or they do non value instruction as of import so they may promote their kid to go forth school early. Children whose household income is low and their parents/carers can non afford to purchase them sufficient nutrient, apparels etc. these kids may be stereotyped by other kids. For illustration, because they do non fit in with the other kids so they may be classified as being the poor/dirty kids. The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child ( UNCRC ) is a farther piece of statute law. On the 19th of April 1990 The UK signed the Convention, following the confirmation on the 16th of December 1991.The UNCRC was brought out to protect kids s rights, to help them in run intoing their basic demands and to maximize their chances in making their full potency. ( Convention on the Rights of the Child ) In the 54 articles, there are several which relate to the sex of the kid. Regardless of being a boy/girl, these articles were set out for all single kids, to supply every kid with equal chances and to do it just for every kid. Article 7 of the UNCRC emphasises how everyone should be treated the same regardless of sex, race, cultural background: the jurisprudence is the same for everyone ; it should be applied in the same manner to all Article 23 provinces: You have the right to work, to be free to take your work, to acquire a wage which allows you to back up your household. If a adult male and a adult female do the same work, they should acquire the same wage. All people who work have the right to fall in together to support their involvements . In some instances, gender roles/sex can be discriminated upon in work topographic points between a adult male and a adult female. For illustration, if the adult male has worked at that place longer, so he may be payed more to the adult female who has merely started. However, they both are making the same occupation. Harmonizing to Lindon ( 1998 ) many old ages ago men/boys were valued more than women/girls. This impacts staff in scenes because it has been said that grownups working with kids, behave in a different manner to a miss than they do to a male child. This is apparent as Lindon ( 1998 ) states that boys are more likely to be encouraged towards active physical behavior ( which is non needfully aggressive ) and grownups seem to digest more dominant or aggressive behavior in male childs before it is regarded as a job However, the UNCRC puts accent on equity and how every kid has equal chances. It is our function as pedagogues to promote all kids to see a broad scope of experiences irrespective of gender. Pigeonholing can besides happen with sex/gender functions as Lindon ( 1998 ) says that male childs may be told when they cry big male childs do nt shout or when a miss shouts person may state it s non nice to shout, you should be more ladylike . This is pigeonholing as everyone regardless of age, sex, race etc. have feelings. Gender functions impact staff as they have to supply kids in nurseries/schools with assorted resources for misss and male childs and non merely encouraging misss to the art country or male childs to the building but promoting all kids as persons to all countries of the nursery regardless of their gender. In decision it is clear to see that statute law impacts staff and kids in many ways. It is our function as pedagogues to value each and every kid as an single regardless of their age, gender, race, sex. Mentions J.Lindon ( 1998 ) Equal Opportunities in Practice Chapter 2. Good Practice with Boys and Girls Hodder and Stoughton CPAG in Scotland ( 2010 ) www.cpag.org.uk/scotland Assessed on: 29/10/10 Convention on the Rights of the Child: Way to the Convention on the Rights of the Child ( 2008 ) hypertext transfer protocol: //www.unicef.org/crc/index_30197.html Accessed on: 31/10/10 Cultural Dictionary: Socioeconomic position ( SES ) ( 2010 ) hypertext transfer protocol: //dictionary.reference.com/browse/socioeconomic+status Accessed on: 28/10/10 The Government Equalities Office, Equality Act 2010 hypertext transfer protocol: //www.equalities.gov.uk/equality_act_2010.aspx Accessed on: 28/10/10 The Government Equalities Office: Equality Act 2010: What do I need to cognize? hypertext transfer protocol: //www.equalities.gov.uk/equality_act_2010/equality_act_2010_what_do_i_n.aspx Accessed on: 28/10/10

Product Safety and Product Liability Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Product Safety and Product Liability - Essay Example The creation and development of a legal regulatory environment conducive to business and e-business is central to the improvement of trade among the E.U members. Currently, the Lisbon Agenda of â€Å"making the E.U the world’s most competitive and dynamic knowledge based economy by 2010† was already under threat because trade barriers to the development of general business and e-business had not been effectively removed. Because of this, many of the European Union’s businesses operate within an e-business environment that is full of legal uncertainties and legal impediments to the take up of e-business. Central to these legal uncertainties is the product liability directives enshrined in the Rome II regulations. The Rome II regulations, though credited for opening up trans-border trade, have also been a source of criticism for the uncertainties they have caused in respect to the choice of law applicable in trans-border product liability cases. The dominant view in this argument is that the Rome II regulations on product liabilities invade the â€Å"country of origin† principle that was more customized to allow the growth of business. Instead, the Rome II Regulation adopt the â€Å"country of reception† principle which is damaging to the security of business in the E.U. this paper will therefore look at the problems producers and businesses may face in respect of the Rome II regulations and their impacts on the businesses across the E.U members.

Effects of marijuana Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Effects of marijuana - Research Paper Example Thus, the paper looks at these effects as they occur on the individuals and society as a whole. Marijuana, popularly known as pot, weed or cannabis, Mary Jane, Indian hemp, pot, grass, herb, dope, and ganja ranks third in the most popularly recreational drug in America. It is ranked after alcohol and tobacco respectively. It is, however, the most used of the illegal drugs in America. Cannabis sativa, from whose dried leaves marijuana is made, grows naturally in many humid and tropical parts of the world. Interestingly, its use as a mind-altering drug has also been tied to the pre-historic societies in Africa and Euro-Asia by archeological evidence. In recent times, marijuana usage statistics has been seen to escalate (Mehling 8-11). Nevertheless, as popular as it is, there are several effects of marijuana such as health and social effects. What are these health and social effects? The paper will examine these effects to answer this question. According to the United States government surveys, more than 25 million Americans have smoked marijuana during the past year. Over 14 million doing so regularly in spite of the harsh laws against its use. According to Hanson et al., (403), 10.1 out of 18.1 million illicit drug users in the United States used only marijuana in the past month making a significant 64.3 percent. In 2011, 38% of 8th graders, 82 % of the 12th graders and 68 % of the 10th graders reported marijuana as among the drugs that are fairly easy or very easy to get. It shows how highly accessible marijuana is (Maisto, Galizio and Connors 24-26). Perhaps, this is fueled by the fact that, while it grows wildly in some states, thus, is easily accessible to the populace, in some states it ranks among the largest cash-generating crops. California produces an estimated 40% of the marijuana consumed in the United States and generates nearly $18.8 billion in revenue. Marijuana is traditionally smoked in hand-rolled joints, in pipes,

Human development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 3

Human development - Essay Example As stated Metelev et al (2015), the focus of human development is on improving the lives of people rather than improving the economy and assuming that economic growth will automatically lead to wellbeing of the people. Human development is therefore an alternative approach that is based on social justice as an approach to determining human progress. Capabilities are central to understanding of the concept of human development. Capabilities refers to what people can do and what they can become hence are the equipment that individual has to pursue life. According to Burman (2012), access to knowledge, quality healthcare and quality standard of living are regarded as the basic capabilities that one need to be successful in life. Other capabilities that may influence individual’s wellbeing include; ability to participate in decisions that affects one’s life, freedom from violence, have fun and have control of person’s living environment. For instance providing high quality education for a girl would ensure he acquire the necessary skills to succeed in jobs, however, if that girl is denied job opportunity then her education will not be useful. Another scenario is when such girl is not provided with quality education that matches the labour market then her education will not be useful. Metelev et al (2015) outlin es three foundations for human development, access to resources and knowledge and: healthy, creative and long life. According to Bilbao-Ubillos (2013), the basic foundations mentioned above then open up other opportunities that creates favourable conditions for human development and includes: human rights and security, environmental sustainability, gender equality and participation in community and political life. Human development is also fundamental about choices because as opportunities increases, it creates various alternatives for people to choose from. According to

Important Of Science And Mathematics In English

Important Of Science And Mathematics In English Malaysia is a language of Bahasa Melayu country. And the Malay is an Austronesian language spoken in Malaysia. The total number of speakers of Standard Malay is about 18 million. There are also have 170 million people speak Indonesian which is from the Malay. In the Malaysia have four community that is Malay, Cina, Indian, and the Asing. Although in the Malaysia have the difference community but all the community also is know the Malaysia language that is Bahasa Melayu. Bahasa Melayu is the main language in Malaysia but that is harder use in the national world. In this year, I get the news from the government is going to change the language from English to the Bahasa Melayu to teaching science and mathematics. That is a bad news for the still in study student. The most of important language in the world is the English. Englsih can use in any city or state, because English is the internationalization language in the world. The English language is generally considered as an internation al language in the lingua franca of the global community and it is a language speak and written by many people around the world. It is really considered as one of the most important language for us or all the people in the world. Englsih is an official language in the 52 countries. It is the most of useful language to learn for international travel. 2. In the May 2003, the Ministry Education of the Malaysia implanted the teaching of science and mathematics in English. Since the English language is an integral role in the teaching or the pedagogical. At the same time, I previous the statement concern with the global status of the English language. In the implementing this program, student must able to prepare themselves to an international level. Because this can be able to representing of the science and mathematics concept. Student also can discuss matter with other student more easily in use English language. Knowledge is not belong to any one country. It is treasure which is shared by everybody on the earth. This can be provides more importance of importance teaching science and mathematics in the English. Most of the website also conform explanted style of supply the message regarding the scientific and mathematical matter are create with the English language as the main medium of communication. On the logically, considered all the student will have a wider English language skill. Teaching science and mathematics by use the English will improve student their knowledge bank and language skill. 3. Although I think in school from learning science and mathematics in English that is not a matter. I also never have a very strongly opinion on this matter of the right in the medium of instruction. In the science and mathematics have their own special language for the concepts. The most important question is the teacher and students they can easy communicate effective which using English in teaching sciences and mathematics. The language debate which language will help our children learning more better. Although we always argue about the answer in the theory, but in the theory and the big problem is that the government choose to implement policy and it is without the good preparing by anyone for it. And I think that is under an ideal situation, when at the primary school must learn the basic grammar in English. So that when continue study in college will more easily study. As the student in progress, more English will be intro into to the curriculum up to the point. So they are ha ving the sufficiently comfortable in the language to learn it. That is what we will ideally do that. In the same time, we can close at least focus strongly on the poorest student their language skill while they all still study at the primary school. So the student will be able to adapt with the regular class in the school. And student will more easily go through the whole school system learning sciences and mathematics in use English. I donà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t care what the language you teach science and mathematics. I just take care about the teacher can communicate with the student more easily. I almost suggest the teacher will teach science and mathematics in use the English language. We are going to need a lot of intensive classes to help the student to learn their English language skill. 4. Now I will show a few of advantages of teach science and mathematics in English. There have some of the important point to support the title: Malaysian is a well-known country for the ability to know at least three languages, that is Bahasa Melayu, Mother tongue, and the Englsih. This will made more comfortable for the tourist come to the Malaysia. Student can adapt easy when their finish primary school then enter university, especially is the oversea university. Student their maybe not is a geniuses, but at least we can let they improve their language skill very well by study both of the all subject in English. If we need to keep the nation competitive, we must have the fluent command of English is very important. Teaching science and mathematics in English will make Malaysia stay competitive in the international arena. I think the Education Ministry should forget the personalities and must improving policy. They must do the correct thing and not doing things for the sake of political mileage for the nation. Most of the effective way to learn the language is depends on the environment. If we make a good environment for the student. Then the student will learn well in the good environment. Not of that, more important is the students have a best competitive edge in the long term of learning in university and job scope. At the last, I think more of the parents are really need to look by their child when end of the study. In order to improving English language skill of the sciences and mathematics. Teacher may enable to teaching student more effectively use the English in the classes. In the classroom, teacher will start develop start use English language for while teaching student them as well as give the question related the subject by the language need. And teacher will focus on how to improve student their English language skill like speaking and writing by using English. 5. I really support teaching science and mathematics in English. I know have half of the subject in the national school is being taught in use the English and including Islamic studies. I believe teaching and learning of the science and mathematics in English will not only pave the way for the student to study and also will motivate students to learn more than one language effective. Many politicians they did not understand the Education Ministry is try to achieve two targets when also implement the new policy for the student. Student they all also can benefit through the policy and they are thoroughly to know the three master language in their life. So let to teaching science and mathematics in English please. Conclusion At the last, in my conclusion is the English is really important for the all human. English is an international language in the world. Where you go to the other country or the oversea country, English is always beside of you. That is a language for communication with the other people in other country. And also will increase the affection between the people. So teach science and mathematics in English is really important. And I hope the Education Ministry did not change to teaching in use other language. Not canà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t change it, we can increase one more language inside the question to help the people. But the main language will be is the English.

The Day Ethan Frome Lost Control of His Life :: Ethan Frome Essays

The Day Ethan Frome Lost Control of His Life      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   I believe Ethan Frome lost control of his life when his mother died. After his mother's funeral, Ethan did not want to be left alone on the farm, so he asked Zeena to stay with him. At first, Ethan enjoys her company. However, Zeena soon becomes a nuisance to Ethan, and prevents him from becoming an engineer in a large city. After being married a year, Zeena becomes sick herself, and the only time she talks to Ethan is to complain or show her discontent.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   After Mattie comes to the farm, Ethan does not love Zeena at all. He thinks the only pleasure she has left is to inflict pain on him. Since Zeena is a burden on Ethan, he naturally wants to improve his life. The reason he does not have control of his life is because he is married to Zeena, and he is not brave enough to go away with Mattie. The reason he is married to Zeena is because his mother died. Since Zeena is why Ethan does not have control of his life, and Ethan married her because his mother died, the point in time when Ethan lost control of his life is when his mother died.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   I believe Ethan could have changed the direction of his life if he had gone away from the farm to marry Mattie. The reason he did not have control of his life was because he was married to Zeena. If he would have married Mattie and left Zeena, he would not have been in the sled accident, and consequently, he would have lived a much happier life with Mattie.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The second way Ethan could have changed the direction of his life is if he

Time and Health Nursing

nur/405 University of Phoenix Material History of Community Nursing Matrix Complete the matrix with the following concepts, and relate the concepts to two different periods of time in history and the present time: †¢ Describe each period briefly. †¢ Clarify the differences during each period with public health nursing and community health nursing. †¢ Describe the key health issues. †¢ Identify community health partnerships used during this period of time. †¢ Describe how Watson’s Theory of Human Transpersonal Caring is related. |Historical time |Nursing role in |Major health issues |Partnerships used |Watson’s theory | | |period |community | | | | |Past period 1 |Florence Nightingale |Florence Nightingale |Infection with bacteria |Nightingale used rich and |Watson’s theory of | | |in 1860 |developed nursing |such as E. oli, |upstanding people in the |caring was based on | | | |programs for students as|Pseudomonas, Staph, |community to hel p her with |caring for the | | | |well as a form of |blood borne diseases, |her goal of creating more |patients and | | | |nursing where nurses |and airborne disease |schools and promoting |environment. | | |took care of sick people|from caregivers not |public health nursing. |Nightingale and | | | |within the home. Her |using universal |Most people noticed the |Watson’s vision was | | | |emphasis for this care |precautions with good |problem in the community |related in this way | | | |was on sanitation, |hand washing. and willing to help, such |because environment | | | |prevention of illnesses,|Sanitation and |as Rathbone Liverpool who |according to them | | | |and the actual education|cleanliness was another |helped create more schools |both is a part of | | | |of nurses caring for the|issue. Nightingale |to educate women in the |healing, and as | | | |sick. wanted to make sure |community about the |nurses we should pay | | | | |people were in a clean |importance of publi c health|attention to the | | | | |environment to promote |nursing and the need for |patient, families, | | | | |healing and sanitation |sanitation and promotion of|and the things around| | | | |was an important part of|wellness (Healthline, |them to promote | | | | |her program. |2008). |comfort and | | | | | | |relaxation which in | | | | | | |return helps them to | | | | | | |heal. |Past period 2 |Lillian Wald in the |Wald was known as the |The health issues were |When she began to extend |Watson and Wald were | | |late 1800s |pioneer of modern day |the same as far as |her work, it attracted the |similar because they | | | |public health nursing in|infection and |attention of philanthropist|both wanted to | | | |the United States |sanitation, nurses not |Jacob Schiff who then |promote education in | | | |(Healthline, 2008). She|practicing good hand |offered money and time |nurses to promote | | | |directed her focus of |washing, but Wald took |secretly because he was |health and wellbeing. | | | |nursing similar to |it a step further and |Jewish and this was the |Wald cared about the | | | |Nightingale’s.She |focused on people lives |large population of people |community and the | | | |started out in New York |outside of health also. |she was caring for |expansion of people’s| | | |training nurses and they|She taught people how to|(Healthline 2008). With |horizons and she | | | |lived in the |sew and cook along with |his help, she was able to |wanted them to live | | | |neighborhoods they |other recreational |expand her employees and |and work to their | | | |worked in. She not only|activities and |provide the most efficient |fullest potential. | | |focused on the care of |involvement in the |care with the best nurses |Watson is the same in| | | |the patient but other |community and her |available at that time. |that she developed | | | |areas of life such as |biggest accomplishment |She was even able to write |her model to give us | | | |empl oyment and education|was the labor movement. |two books which she |a guide in caring for| | | |as well as sanitation |She even worked with the|received great recognition |people and all things| | | |and wellbeing. She also|NAACP during the Civil |for. and situations that | | | |formed organizations |Rights’ movement for | |could affect their | | | |that focused on women’s |African Americans | |lives. In doing | | | |rights and equality, and|(Healthline, 2008). Her| |this, nurses build | | | |formed schools and |main projects were | |trust and there is a | | | |programs for the |focused around patient | |better working | | | |mentally ill. |care, education, and | |relationship. | | | | |equality. | | |Current period |Twentieth Century- |The Visiting Nursing |Environmental health, |Governmental agencies and |Watson’s caring | | |Visiting Nursing |Association, now known |social services needs, |American Red Cross as well |theory focused on | | |Association |as home health nursing |infection, immunizations|as healthcare departments |caring for patients | | | |has become a part of |and education are the |and clinics are the |and wellbeing. | | | |community nursing. |focus of home health and|partnerships that keep |Today, governmental | | | |Health departments and |health departments |these organizations going. |agencies and | | | |clinics have also been |today.Keeping up with |It is important to have |healthcare | | | |designed to help people |immunizations, well baby|these clinics for the |departments are very | | | |in their environment |treatments, and |younger generation who may |active in the | | | |versus them coming to |education about |not feel comfortable |promotion of wellness| | | |hospitals. This helps |STDs/AIDS and teenage |talking to their parents |and health, which is | | | |serve the poor by going |pregnancies are a main |about certain changes and |similar to Watson. | | | |to them to give good |focus of public health |aspects of life. Being a |Caring for people and| | | |care and also assess |nurses.This ensures |public health nurse, you |their environment was| | | |their situation to apply|that our community is |should remain positive and |the focus for Watson,| | | |any additional needs or |aware of resources and |open and very supportive |and we still hold | | | |assistance. |care available to them. |for teenagers and young |those same standards | | | | | |adults so they are able to |in our community | | | | | |understand possible dangers|today and will | | | | | |to them and others. continue to uphold | | | | | | |the values of life as| | | | | | |the people who fought| | | | | | |for us to have these | | | | | | |rights and | | | | | | |opportunities. |

Dress and modern dress Essay Example

Dress and modern dress Essay Example Dress and modern dress Essay Dress and modern dress Essay In this assignment I am going to be comparing Ancient Greek clothing to modern clothing, I am also going to use diagrams to show some of my examples of clothing.In Greece today the weather is very hot nearly all year round, so the people do not need to wear as thick and as many clothes as we do because of our colder climate. In Ancient Athens the weather was exactly the same as it is now.The material used was very light and airy as to keep them cool, it was usually wool or linen which was woven at home by the women, it was then made into clothes, nowadays clothes arent hand made, they are manufactured by machines and sold in shops, even if we had to make our own clothes it would be less of a job because we have got sewing machines and other things that were not used back then.Many colours were used for there clothing such as yellow black and green but amongst the most popular were purple, violet, saffron and red. To decorate their clothes they used stars or spots but it was mostly ge ometric designs, round the edges they would weave pictures of scrolls, cartoons and animal-scenes (shown on 5 diagram C). Currently we have clothes in every colour you could imagine and have pictures and designs all over them. Machines also do this nowadays, but in some circumstances people put their own designs in clothes (shown on page 6 diagram b)The main type of clothes worn by women was the Chiton, which is a type of loose fitting dress, this similar to what women wear now except for one thing, one is women wear now are just one piece that you just slide over your head. (Shown on 6-diagram c). There were two main styles of Chiton that women wore, Doric or Ionic. The Doric (shown on page 5 diagram b) had a very simple design. It consisted of one large piece of cloth, usually wool, which was folded. It was then placed round the body. It was fastened at the shoulders by broaches and then allowed to fall into folds. Then a belt was worn around the waist to hold the dress in positio n; this was called a Girdle, (shown on 5 diagram b). Women at the present do not have to wear belts because women only wear belts today through choice, and not as a necessity to hold their dresses together. A much longer version of this dress was called a Peplos. The Doric chiton shows more flesh than the Ionic because it exposes the arms and the neck, there are varying styles like this now. This type of dress sounds more like the sort of dress celebrities wear to walk down the red carpet, at movie premiers.The Ionic style was much more like modern day dress. The material, was almost always linen, was folded and sewn, leaving wholes for the head and arms. A belt was also worn with this dress too to hold in into position and try and make it fall into folds from the waist down (shown on page 5 diagram a). This type of dress looks more like a ball gown because they are big and fancy in design.Sometimes people wore a Himation (shown on 5 diagram a) over their chiton, which was a kind of shawl or cloak, this was especially good outside ain the evening or on a cold day. Women also wear these in this day and age, but not to keep them warm, but just as a supplement on top of their dress.Mens clothing was even simpler than womens, but that was to be expected. The garment worn most by men was the chiton, it was just a shorter version than the womens, about knee length. Most often the right shoulder was left bare if he was doing exercise or some hard work. This doesnt really compare to any mans modern day clothes because men dont wear dress like clothes. The only thing it is like is shorts and t-shirt because all they are really is a chiton cut in half at the waist. Men now were trousers more often than not with a jumper, but of course they didnt have these because their climate was much hotter than it is in our northern country. Men also used the himation, mostly when they were outside or on long journeys. For men nowadays this is a bit like a scarf, but too keep them w arm they usually wear a fleece or thicker jumper. This garment was fastened at the shoulder, with a broach or pin. On special occasions a long robe was worn and the right shoulder was often left bare. Men wear suits on special occasions now, but then if they wore suits they would get too hot.Young children rarely wore clothes because they grew out of them very fast. As girls began to get older they started to wear a simple sort f smock, which was above their knees. When boys grew old enough to go to school they began to wear garments similar to the mans chiton. In the modern day children wear clothes from the day they are born, just a simple one-piece suit. This is mostly too keep them warm. Then as they grow up they just wear smaller versions of adult clothes.The way you wore your clothes also mattered back then, at one time it was thought sloppy to let the hem of your himation touch the floor.At home sandals were not worn, but when they went out into the streets or on a journey le ather sandals were worn. We wear slippers or just socks around the house now to protect our feet and keep them clean. The sandals were very simple and made to measure, they were measured by a cobbler who would place the persons foot on a piece of leather and then cut the sole out around the foot. The sole was attached to the foot by leather thongs tied across the instep and across the ankle. Leather thongs are long thin strips of leather. At the present shows are ready made in a selection of sizes varying from 1-12 in childrens and 1-13 in adults. Only shoes over a size 13 are made specially.Headwear was not very common, although like today people going on journeys wore hats except theirs is called apetasos, a wide brimmed hat. Women were protected from the sun by a parasol that was held by a slave. Poorer people or those without sun protection just pulled their himation over their head.Hair was worn in a variety of styles (shown on 6 diagram a). Ribbons, veils or small caps were us ed to keep the hair in position. Sometimes ringlets of hair were allowed to hang down in long strands. Women have styles like this nowadays, but have much more choice. Combs were used for hairdressing; they were made of wood or ivory and were delicately carved. Currently combs are made out of plastic or metal because it is cheap. Some women dyed their hair to their preferred colour.Jewellery was very popular with women. They wore rings, necklaces, earrings and bracelets. Bracelets were worn at the elbow and shoulder as well. This is virtually the same as what women wear at the present except there are many more materials to choose from now.Women used make-up then just as much as they do now. As white skin was regarded as a sign of beauty white lead was used to whiten the skin and alkanet juice was used to highlight the cheeks with a slight hint of rose-colour, just as rouge is used today. We know now that lead is poisonous and can bring you out in a rash or even kill you if you use too much, that is why it is not used any more. Lipstick and eye shadow were also used (probably made out of an ash of some kind). Some women tended to over do their make-up and this poet tells the hazards:If you go out in the hot summer weather, two streaks of black run from your eyes; sweet, running from your cheeks, carves of red furrow all the way down your neck, it covers it with white-leadThis is only part of the poem but it tells the embarrassing truth about what would happen if you went out with too much make-up on back then in Ancient Greece.Currently clothes are all different shapes and we use wardrobes so when they have been ironed they dont get creased, but then, most Greek clothes were rectangular so they could fit into chests.There wasnt much too choose from in the underwear department then because women wore a strip of cloth as a bra and that was it, there werent any boxer-shorts or knickers.A boys chest might contain pairs of sandals, boots and a pair of slippers for clod mornings. Hed also have a few hats, a belt and a short cloak if he rode a horse. If a boy was found with only this now he would be regarded under privileged, but it was different then because they didnt need as many clothes.In a girls room you might find a trinket box with bracelets, necklaces and earrings. Another box for ribbons combs and scarves. In a girls chest you might find sandals but not boots and if she was daring she might have high-heeled, cork-soled shoes to make here look taller, the Greeks liked tall women.

The House of Capulet in Romeo and Juliet

The House of Capulet in Romeo and Juliet The House of Capulet in Romeo and Juliet is one of fair Verona’s two feuding families- the other being the House of Montague. Capulet’s daughter, Juliet, falls in love with Romeo, the son of Montague and they elope, much to the anger of their respective families. Heres a look at the major players in the House of Capulet. Capulet (Juliets Father) Hes head of the Capulet clan, married to Lady Capulet and father to Juliet. Capulet is locked in an on-going, bitter and unexplained dispute with the Montague family. Capulet is very much in charge and demands respect. He is prone to rage if he does not get his own way. Capulet loves his daughter very much but is out of touch with her hopes and dreams. He believes that she should marry Paris. Lady Capulet (Juliets Mother) Married to Capulet and mother to Juliet, Lady Capulet appears distanced from her daughter. It is interesting to note that Juliet receives most of her moral guidance and affection from the Nurse. Lady Capulet, who also married young, believes it was high time Juliet was married off and chooses Paris as the appropriate candidate. But when Juliet declines to marry Paris, Lady Capulet turns on her: Talk not to me, for Ill not speak a word; do as thou wilt, for I am done with thee. Lady Capulet takes the news of her nephew Tybalts death extremely hard, going so far as to wish death on his killer, Romeo. Juliet Capulet Our female protagonist is 13 years old and about to be married to Paris. However, Juliet soon stumbles upon her fate when she meets Romeo,  and instantly falls in love with him, despite him being the son of her family’s enemy. Over the course of the play, Juliet matures, making the decision to abandon her family to be with Romeo. But like most women in Shakespeares plays, Juliet has little personal freedom. Tybalt Lady Capulet’s nephew and Juliet’s cousin, Tybalt is antagonistic and has a deep hatred of the Montagues. He has a short temper and is quick to draw his sword when his ego is in danger of being damaged. Tybalt has a vindictive nature and is feared. When Romeo kills him, this is a major turning point in the play. Juliet’s Nurse A loyal maternal figure and friend to Juliet, the Nurse provides moral guidance and practical advice. She knows Juliet better than anyone else and provides comic relief in the play with her bawdy sense of humor. The Nurse has a disagreement with Juliet near the end of the play which demonstrates her lack of understanding about the intensity of Juliet’s feelings about love and about Romeo. Servants of the Capulets Samson: After the Chorus, he is the first character to speak and establishes the conflict between the Capulets and the Montagues. Gregory: Along with Samson, he discusses the tension in the Montague household. Peter: Illiterate and a bad singer,  Peter invites guests to the Capulets’ feast and escorts the Nurse to meet with Romeo.

Rationale development exercise Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Rationale development exercise - Essay Example According to Lehne et al. (2011, p. 580), if there is little or not enough insulin to ease the glucose through the cell membranes of the cell, patients with T2DM will still be at risk for DKA. The finding of the DKA laboratory is that a higher BGL in excess of 14 mmol/L is an indication of insulin deficit. Her BGL ranged from 18-23 mmol/L. Continuous mobilization of fatty acids and hyperglycemia occur as a result of deficiency of insulin. Utilization of the fatty acids allows the development and buildup of ketones that can cause acidosis. It is therefore, incorrect to assume that Mrs. Langerhan’s diagnoses on discharge will include T1DM because she will now be classified as insulin dependent. Although she is categorized as insulin dependent, she will not be diagnosed as T1DM because the features and cataloguing of both T2DM and T1DM are different. When classifying T2DM, we use relative insulin deficiency and for the case of T1DM we use absolute insulin deficiency (LeMone et al. 2011, p. 578). In Mrs. Langerhans case, the insulin produced in her body is not enough; therefore there is likelihood for hyperglycemia to develop. The development will be due to lack of control of her T2DM, earlier non-compliance with diabetic history, hypoglycemic medication procedure, and also the usage of IV solution comprising dextrose on admittance. However, since her body can still produce insulin, though in small portions she cannot be diagnosed with T1DM. The RN administers Mr. Nexium IV metoclopramide that is the first anti-emetic given according to most post-operative nausea and vomiting procedures. IV metoclopramide is given to most post-operative patients in to reduce abdominal swelling postoperatively, to reduce strain on the wound and assist respiration. It also helps to expand the stomach, during surgery particularly the upper abdominal surgery when a bloated stomach obstructs the operation. The justification she

POLICE SCIENCE, 2 page Criteak Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

POLICE SCIENCE, 2 page Criteak - Essay Example For example in the issue of child brides where the majority of which are seen in India, studies show that women in these countries are wed or engaged as children as part of their custom and traditions. Because it is a local custom, this abuse is seen not only among women children but even among males who are married before the age of ten. Even if there were missing data from some countries, the report was able to show the current issues faced by children and women in terms of violence and abuse. These countries that had no data provided such as China which has the largest population in the world and have a one-child policy may have declined giving data. There is also a recommendation to improve the gathering of data in these countries in order to strengthen the cases of reported abuse among children in these regions. Poverty was also targeted as the cause for the majority of children not being registered at birth in South Asia. This non-registration according to the report makes these children ineligible for basic rights such as voting, going to school or getting passports.

TECHNOLOGY AND YOUR FIELD OF STUDY Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

TECHNOLOGY AND YOUR FIELD OF STUDY - Essay Example Mobile technology has greatly improved communication in today’s world. Mobile technology has made sending and receiving of information faster than ever before. In today’s world someone who is in a far country can call directly and talk to another who is in another continent within minutes. Today people can receive live news of what has happened all over the world faster than ever before (Barney, 2005). Very large texts can be sent across the world without the use of messengers and can be received by recipients located in different parts of the world. This has made it easier to communicate with these people, improving the time and speed of communication. Because of advances in communication technology, it is now possible for universities to offer long distance courses. All that a student needs is an access to computers, and internet connectivity. Long distance courses or classes are a popular method that universities use for purposes of reaching out on students who are in other countries. Some students also prefer to use long distance classes, because of time factors. Mobile technology has also increased efficiency and reliability in the methods and ways in which business leaders communicate with their employees. Due to the advancement of mobile technology, a business manager can now control his workers whichever place they are (Preston, 2001). It is not a must for the business manager or administrator to go to the location of his or her employee. They can use the mobile phones to request for information they need. Companies with large number of branches are able to give orders to be received immediately by their specific branches with a lot of ease. We can collaborate with co-workers no matter how spread out they may be. Any one who needs confirmation or approval of vital decisions can get them without waiting for the head of the organization to return from a trip in order to make approvals. Mobile technology has made doing

Designing a system for an IT user Essay Example for Free

Designing a system for an IT user Essay John would need at least a 4GB RAM as that will provide john with a lot of temporary memory to make his computer faster. Task 2- Storage Devices Item Description Why Required? Hard Disk It stores data, all data is stored on the hard disc. The hard disk is the main storage device on a computer it is needed for storing everything from pictures to software. The data is stored in this magnetic material. Thus, the hard disk is known as a magnetic storage device. He needs to save all his music, movies, work and other files. Everything he does needs to be saved on the hard disk so he needs. He needs a hard disk that comes with his computer to have a lot of memory preferably more than 500GB, so it is unlikely for him to need more memory. Flash Memory A flash memory, also known as a USB, stores memory which can be transferred from one computer to another computer. They are usually lightweight and easy to use. He needs a USB to transfer his work from his computer to another computer so he can also edit his work when he is studying on another computer. John can save a lot of work on a Flash Memory because they can be up to 64GB. CDs and DVDs CDs and DVDs are used to store audio or video files which can be played in a compatible CD or DVD player. A single sided DVD can store about 4. 7Gb of data. DVDs which store data on both sides can hold over 9Gb of data. He could use DVDs or CDs to store his music or the homemade movies that he makes. They are small, portable and are very easy to use but Johns computer will need a disk reader which usually comes with the computer. Task 3- Software Requirements Item Description Why required? Windows 7 It is the latest edition of windows operating systems. It has more features than windows vista such as improved booting times. It also has pre-installed programs such as windows movie maker, windows photo gallery and other programs. Windows 7 is quick and easy to use. He can also save files that can be compatible with other operating systems. I think that this will be the most useful operating system because most programs are compatible with windows and this is the latest edition of windows. Other operating systems like Apple (Mac) are much more expensive and not all programs are compatible with an Apple Mac and a Linux. Microsoft Office Professional 2007 It is cheap (i80 minimum price), Microsoft office 2010 is not a lot different but is i 430. Although this isnt the latest edition of Microsoft office, it isnt much different from the new 2010 edition and the 2007 edition is much cheaper. Microsoft office professional is one of the easiest software applications that can be used and it is very powerful which enables John to do many tasks at one using many different features such as word art. Although Microsoft office doesnt have as much creativity skills as other software, such as Adobe Photoshop, it still has many other features such as creating publications and presentations. Word : Excel : PowerPoint : Outlook : Publisher: Microsoft Word is easy to use and can also be saved in different formats. The 2007 version of word is compatible with word 2003, which he uses at college. Word also gives options of different layouts and different templates. It features calculation, graphing tools and many features what can be used in a spreadsheet. Excel is extremely useful as it can do anything a calculator can do and plot it into graphs and tables. Excel isnt all calculations; it also has some design features, for example colourful tables, graphs, text and table templates. PowerPoint can be used to make slideshow presentations which are easy to use. PowerPoint has custom animations which can be used on text, picture and slides. PowerPoint also gives templates which can make the presentation look of high standard as the templates have a colour scheme which makes a presentation look professional. Microsoft Outlook is a personal information manager from Microsoft, available both as a separate application as well as a part of the Microsoft Office suite. This is a publishing program which is easy to use, has many templates and produces good quality documents. Publisher is very powerful and easy to use. It lays out work for anyone who wants to produce work. To use publisher a custom layout doesnt have to be designed which makes work much quicker. Other publication software is not as fast as publisher. He needs word to help him with his A-levels and he uses Microsoft office at college so he is used to it. He can also use word to create flyers and other documents for his participation at the local conservative. Word can be used to create documents, letters, flyers and general editing. Word has many simple features which will make Johns work look good. He will use excel to make spreadsheets as he could be using this for his ICT A-level. Word is a very cleaver, powerful application as it can solve equations deal with difficult numbers and plot them into graphs. He can also use excel to plot tables for general use, for example how many leaflets he has printed for his local conservative party and how much were the printing costs. He could use PowerPoint to help him with his ICT A-level and because John is used to using Words at his college. He can also use PowerPoint to make presentations in his other a-levels, for general use and to give presentations about the local conservative party. He needs outlook to view his emails and easily manage everything. John can send and receive emails quickly using outlook. He can also use outlook to attach files, e. g. take work from college and back it up on home computer by sending files through an email. He needs publisher to produce flyers, leaflets and other documents he has Microsoft office 2003 so it is compatible with Microsoft 2007. He can also use publisher to produce letters that he can send and use generally. Publisher has many templates for example letters, flyers and business cards and they come in different sizes (A4, A5 and more). Access : Microsoft access is a program which allows you to make tables and search information in a database. If formulas are not needed it is better to use access than excel because it is easy to navigate to an area of data out of a database. He is likely to use this in his ICT A-level so when he does his work at college, he can finish it off at home. John can also use access to create tables about the amount of leaflets he has made. He can also use a database to record everything that goes on during the conservative party meetings. Adobe Photoshop Elements Adobe Photoshop is editing software used to edit pictures. It is also cheap. Adobe Photoshop elements might not be able to produce finalized documents like word or publisher but it can create stunning design picture, text and other shapes. He could use adobe Photoshop to edit his picture or graphics in Art/Design level. He also likes photography and he will be able to edit his pictures. To produce quality leaflets for his local conservative party John can create shapes and a design scheme in adobe Photoshop and bring it into word so he can add text and finalize his document. Adobe Premiere Elements Adobe Premiere Elements is a video editing software application for nonlinear video editing, published by Adobe Systems. It is a scaled-down version of the professional-level Adobe Premiere Pro. Adobe premiere elements have features which can edit each individual time frame. John likes making and editing home made movies and adobe premiere is a professional movie making software. An alternative video editing software is windows movie maker which comes free with windows 7, but windows movie maker doesnt have as much editing features because it is free and John will usually get more for something he pays for. Task 3 -Software Requirements Item Description Why Required? Reason Reason is a music making program which allows you do add and edit different sounds. Reason is a professional music making software which allows someone to edit music or sounds, just like professionals e. g. DJs. In Johns free time he likes making his own music so reason would be a good program for him to use. John can create a remix of other people music tracks or he can create his own music. He can also go back and edit every time frame of his music track. Microsoft German Language Pack Microsoft German language pack converts any language to German. It can even convert an internet page to German language. He studies German for his A-levels. John can use the German language pack to help him convert English to German if he needs help with his work. /he can also use the German language pack to convert all of his settings to German language so he can get used to reading German. Windows Live Messenger. Msn messenger is a free messenger which is easy to use and is used by many people. John can also use windows live messenger on his mobile so he can talk to a contact even when he isnt at his compute. It is very easy to use and he can add any contacts and make video/voice/text chats to them. John needs to talk to his friends and family. He also likes to make video calls. Windows live messenger is free and can be used just to write messages to a friend or family and John can also send happy or sad emotions to a contact he can also attach and send files to somebody in his contact list.

How to say no Summary :: essays research papers

Chapter 1- Saying No: The Basics In the first chapter of How to Say No Without Feeling Guilty, the authors present the basics of saying no. But why say no? Many times people are persuaded into doing things they don’t want to do, simply because they can’t find the right words to say no. Another reason why people don’t say no is because they are afraid of what the person will think of them if they say no. I can understand this, because many times I have found myself doing things for people because I couldn’t think of a good excuse to get myself out. After reading the first chapter, I learned the basic techniques to politely saying no. The first one is surprisingly simple—just buy more time. If you can put off your decision to accepting a request from someone, you then have the time to really think about what it will take to satisfy the other person. One of the phrases they suggested was, â€Å"I need to find out if I work first†. As a college student, my work schedule is anyth ing but consistent, so that phrase will be great for me to use. Another suggestion was to say you have a â€Å"policy† against doing something. It’s good because it lets the person know how important it is to do what you need to do. But for me, I don’t think this would be any good, because my friends wouldn’t buy the fact that I have a â€Å"policy†. The prevention technique seemed like it would be a good one. I have a friend who whenever I see, he always wants to go out to a bar and drink. I normally don’t mind, but if I go over to visit him and I’m not in the mood to go out, he will insist that we go anyways. Prevention would be good in this case because if I don’t feel like going out that night, I should probably just avoid this friend entirely. Lying to someone in order not to hurt them, or the face-saving excuse is also a good tactic. If an unattractive girl were to ask me out, I wouldn’t tell her no because I thought she was unattractive. I would probably tell her that I have a lot of work to do for the next couple of months, and I don’t really have time to be going out with her.

Immigration to the United States and America

Immigration Jennifer Lippert ENG/102 March 12, 2012 Dr. Kimberly Stanley In the United States of America, we live in a sea of opportunity. Many people come from other countries to live in America to explore those opportunities, but the laws governing immigration have failed to change with the ever-increasing immigrant population. We watch as Border States deal with the rising costs to support immigrants and wonder whether this was what the founding fathers had in mind when the first Immigration Laws were passed.We wonder about the effects on America’s economy as our immigrant population work in this country then send these U. S. dollars to their home country to support their families. We observe an ever-changing landscape continually affected by the legal and illegal immigrants who land in our great country. We contemplate whether America is the land of opportunity and the land of the free, or simply a place for immigrants to land and live for free. As citizens, it is not only our right, but also our duty, to question our leaders and our laws particularly when those laws no longer appear to fit America’s vision.Immigration laws have remained stagnant for far too long and, although immigrants were the founding fathers of our nation, it is time to examine America’s position before the social and economic costs become insurmountable. America’s founding fathers believed that immigration was necessary to increase the population of our country, but also believed that they must prove a loyalty only to America to become citizens. Beginning with George Washington, in the late eighteenth century, a statement was made that immigrants should be integrated into American life so that Fonte  Ã‚  (n. . ) â€Å"by an intermixture with our people, they, or their descendants, get assimilated to our customs, measures, laws: in a word soon become one people. â€Å"This then became a new basis for immigration. In this case, the term â€Å"assimilates † means to conform to a way of life. In a 1790 speech to Congress about immigration, James Madison argued that America should welcome those immigrants who could be incorporated into our society, but exclude those immigrants that could not readily assimilate.Thomas Jefferson was convinced that immigrants were not prepared for the new society America was building and thought the country should wait another 27 year before opening its shores. In fact, when addressing immigration in Notes on the State of Virginia, Thomas Jefferson wrote: Fonte  Ã‚  (n. d. ) They will bring with them the principles of the governments they leave, imbibed in their early youth; or, if able to throw them off, it will be in exchange for an unbounded licentiousness, passing, as is usual, from one extreme to another. It would be a miracle were they to stop precisely at the point of temperate liberty.These principles, with their language, they will transmit to their children. In proportion to their number s, they will share with us the legislation. They will infuse into it their spirit, warp and bias its direction, and render it a heterogeneous, incoherent, distracted mass. In other words, by allowing a mass immigration into such a new society, America could be allowing the immigrant population to distort the principles established by our new laws and policies. To some degree, Alexander Hamilton echoed the thoughts of Thomas Jefferson, but his emphasis was on the threat to national safety.His concern was in granting citizenship to every immigrant upon arrival in the country. He believed that there should be some proof of allegiance to America before any rights were given to new immigrants. However, both Jefferson and Hamilton shared the same beliefs that immigrants should conform to the ways of America and leave their old government attachments behind. After much debate, it appeared that Jefferson and Hamilton could claim a small victory. The Naturalization Law of 1795 was passed, wh ich required that before becoming American citizens, immigrants would have to â€Å"renounce under oath† all previous sovereign allegiances.This â€Å"renunciation clause† remains part of the naturalization law and part of the oath to the U. S. Constitution that all new citizens must take. (Fonte,  n. d. ). Changes in immigration laws over the past two centuries have certainly contributed to the overall rise in U. S. immigration statistics, but it would take almost a century before the first amendment to that law would take shape. The Naturalization Law of 1795 required five years of residence and a three-year waiting period before citizenship was granted. This allowed new immigrants the opportunity to assimilate and demonstrate allegiance to America. However, by 1868, with he end of the Civil War, the population was burgeoning with ex-slaves and their descendants who had been brought to this country without the rights of citizenship. In fact, in 1857, the Supreme Co urt ruled that African Americas were not citizens and were not entitled to the rights and privileges of citizenship. In order to rectify the situation, the Fourteenth amendment was passed which granted citizenship to all persons born or naturalized in the United States of America. Interestingly enough, it would take another war and its devastation to bring about a new amendment to U. S. immigration law in 1921 with the Emergency Quota Act.Following World War I, the country faced widespread unemployment and an anti-immigration uprising. This Act limited the number of immigrants allowed to enter America from any country on an annual basis to three percent of the number of residents from that same country according to the 1910 census with the hope of maintaining the ethnic composition of America. While the quota system remained in effect until 1965, there was one additional revision to the Emergency Quota Act in 1952 with the Immigration Act of 1952, which revised the quotas and elimin ated racial distinctions from immigration policy.National quotas were eventually abolished entirely in the Immigration and Nationality Act Amendments of 1965 at the height of the Civil Rights movement, changing the face of America, as it was then known. According to 2011 Census statistics, the U. S. immigrant population continues to change the face of America. Not only do non-whites account for ninety two percent of the U. S. population growth in the past ten years, but also forty million foreign-born individuals now reside in the United States, making up almost thirteen percent of our population.Most of this population lives in metropolitan areas rather than the suburbs, with estimates as high as fifty percent of the population in twenty-two large cities across America. In fact, nine metropolitan areas saw their immigrant population double in the last ten years, but the five cities with the largest immigrant populations (New York, Los Angeles, Chicago, Miami and Houston) actually d ecreased their share of this part of the population over the last ten years dropping to a total of 38 percent of the population in 2010 compared to 43 percent in 2000.In some areas of the country, rapid growth in immigration population may create policy backlashes, which could ultimately threaten these places’ long-standing economic comfort. Given the current economic climate and high unemployment rates, do the most recent census figures show any relationship with rising immigration levels? The best available evidence suggests that neither legal nor unauthorized immigration is the cause of high unemployment, and that the higher wages and purchasing power which formerly unauthorized immigrants would enjoy were they to receive legal status would sustain new jobs (American Immigration Council,  2012).In order to make informed decisions regarding immigration reform, however, we cannot limit our assessment to the changing face of our nation; we must also examine the economic cos t to the United States. Recent studies have shown that the United States spends $113 billion annually to support both legal and illegal immigrants, but much of the total U. S. burden is borne by only a few Border States. California, for example, reports spending close to ten billion dollars a year to support its immigration population, which now accounts for almost forty three percent of its total population.Texas reports spending $4. 5 to $6 billion per year sustaining its illegal immigrant population and Arizona drops $2. 7 billion on its immigrant population. While Border States would likely argue for more stringent laws to limit the number of immigrants allowed to enter the country in order to lessen their burden, there are also States that would argue against reform to the immigration system due to its projected adverse effect on their economy. For instance, Kansas has reported that it could possibly lose up to $57. 3 million in their income if stricter immigration laws come in to affect.They claim that with change in immigration laws only comes a higher tax for their state. Kansas also claims that the State will lose millions of dollars in court costs alone if the law makes it difficult for immigrants to live and work in their State. As staggering as these numbers are, other studies show that immigrants have actually boosted the U. S. economy by bringing in $245 million to the gross domestic product. This estimate, however, is nothing compared to estimated wages of foreign employees working in the United States for less than one year which grew from $550 million in $1980 to $8. billion in 2003. These earnings, in turn, are partially returned to immigrant workers’ home countries to help support families in the form of remittances out of the United States. In fact, a study by the Bureau of Economic Analysis in 2003 reported that â€Å"a considerable share of all immigration is motivated at least in part by the opportunity to send home remittances. à ¢â‚¬  According to the study, workers’ remittances from the United States went from $4. 1 billion in 1981 to $25. 5 billion in 2003. While these reported numbers sound staggering, remittances are not considered to have a negative impact on the U.S. economy. In fact, the study also notes that remittances exceed U. S. government provided development assistance to developing countries and may be partially responsible for keeping the cost of such assistance down. America is the land of opportunity. When we look at current immigration laws, our founding fathers’ vision for growth in this country remains intact. In fact, the ideas brought forth by Jefferson and Hamilton for allegiance to the country is still a part of the renunciation oath taken by all new citizens.By the numbers, there is evidence to support immigration reform and there is evidence that the influx of immigrants to the United States actually help our economy. Until the country can come together as a whole t o fully support immigration reform, it is likely that it will take another catastrophic event to catapult immigration to the forefront of American policy reform. References Kerwin, D. (2011). Fixing Immigration. (cover story). America, 205(18), 12. Fonte, J. (n. d. ). To â€Å"Possess the National Consciousness of an American†. Retrieved from http://www. cis. org Frey, W. H. , Berube, A. , Singer, A. & Wilson, J. (2011, December). Five things the census revealed about America in 2011. State of Metropolitan America, 48, 3-4. Retrieved from http://www. brookings. edu Shackleton, R. , Palriwala, A. , & Gordon, A. (2005, May). Remittances: International Payments by Immigrants. The Congress of the United Stated congressional budget office. Retrieved from http://www. hsdl. org Bad for Business: How Anti-Immigrant Laws Can Hurt the Kansas Economy. (2011). Retrieved from http://immigrationpolicy. org American Immigration Council. (2012). Immigration Reform and Growth. Retriev ed from http://immigrationpolicy. org

Course Project – Walt Disney

Walt Disney Company Adriana Arroyo Course Project ACCT 307 August 19, 2012 Professor Stuart Thomas TABLE OF CONTENTS Fiscal Year 2011 Annual Financial Report consolidated statements of income4 consolidated balance sheets5 consolidated statements of cash flows6 consolidated statements of shareholders’ equity7 Required Questions [1] What is the amount of property and equipment on the balance sheet for the two most recent years? What is the amount of depreciation expense?What amounts are on the cash flow statement for the most recent year that relate to depreciation, gains and sales of property and equipment, and purchases and sale of property of equipment? What amounts are permitted  for inclusion in the capitalized cost of property and equipment? 8 [2] Looking at the footnote disclosures of the company, what are the individual components of property and equipment? For example, what are the amounts for land, building, equipment, accumulated depreciation, and so forth? How do c ompanies account for nonmonetary exchange and dispositions of property and equipment? [3] Does the company have intangible assets? If so what are the types of intangible assets (patent, copyrights, etc. ) and their amounts? What is the amount of amortization expense? What amounts on the most recent cash flow statement relate to the purchase and sale of intangible assets? How do intangible assets differ from property and equipment? What costs do we include in intangible assets? 9 [4] Goes the company have goodwill? What are the footnote disclosures relating to goodwill and the related acquisition?Please also describe the calculation of goodwill and how we account for differences between fair value and book value of assets acquired. 10 [5] What are the company's depreciation methods? What is the range of estimated useful lives used for depreciating their assets? Does the company use the same depreciation methods for financial statements and tax returns? If not, please describe the met hods used for tax purposes. 11 [6] What are the company's footnote disclosures relating to impairment? Please also describe how to determine if an impairment exists and how to calculate the impairment loss. 1 [7] What are the amounts and descriptions for the company's current liabilities for the most recent year? Does the company have any contingent liabilities? If yes, please describe. What are the three categories of contingent liabilities and the treatment for each type? Does the company have any subsequent events disclosed in their footnotes? If so, please describe them. 12 [8] What are the amounts and descriptions for all of the company's long-term liabilities on their balance sheet for the most recent two years? What is the interest expense for the two most recent years?What amounts are included in the cash flow statements for proceeds from issuance of debt and repayment of debt for the most recent year? For each note payable discussed in the footnotes disclosures, what is the interest rate, total amount borrowed, and maturity date? 12 [9] Does the company have bonds payable? If so, what are the amounts? Please also describe how bonds payable differ from notes payable and how to account for the issuance of bonds at par, at a discount, and at a premium. How is the discount and premium amortized? What is the effective interest method? 14 [10] Does the company have capital leases?If so, what are the amounts and terms of the leases? What are the four criteria for a lease to be considered a capital lease? What are the additional criteria for the lessor? What is the difference between a sales-type lease and a direct financing lease? 15 Bibliography 18 The Walt Disney Company financial analysis details the finances of the company. The analysis includes a brief summary of the company’s history and important financial information to determine the value of the company. Walt Disney Company was founded on October 16, 1923 by Walt and Roy Disney as Disney Bros . Studios which was then incorporated.Their headquarters are located in Burbank, California. Walt Disney Company has five business segments which are Media Networks, Parks and Resorts, Studio Entertainment, Consumer Products, and Interactive Media. These segments were created to support and enhance the original business model as a studio producing animated shorts and full length films. Each segment adds new and additional paths to market that together ensure the company fulfills its mission. What is the amount of property and equipment on the balance sheet for the two most recent years? What is the amount of depreciation expense?What amounts are on the cash flow statement for the most recent year that relate to depreciation, gains and sales of property and equipment, and purchases and sale of property of equipment? Parks, resorts, and other property are tangible assets that are held by an entity for the use in production or supply of goods and services, for rental to others, or for administrative purposes which are expected to provide economic benefit for more than a year. Walt Disney Company’s parks, resorts, and other property amount for the fiscal year of 2011 was $35,515,000 with an accumulated depreciation of $19,572,000.This is an increase from 2010 where parks, resorts, and other property was $32,875,000 and the accumulated depreciation was $18,373,000. The Statement of Cash Flows provides information about a company’s cash receipts and cash payments during an accounting period which shows how these cash flaws link the ending cash balance to the beginning balance shown on the company’s statement of financial position. The depreciation and amortization for the fiscal year of 2011 was $1,841,000. The gains on dispositions are $75,000 for 2011. Looking at the footnote disclosures of the company, what are the individual components of property and equipment?For example, what are the amounts for land, building, equipment, accumulated depr eciation, and so forth? How do companies account for nonmonetary exchange and dispositions of property and equipment? According to the footnotes, the individual components of property are attractions, which are located in the Parks, Resorts, and Other Property, buildings and improvements, leasehold improvements, land improvements, and furniture, fixtures, and equipment. The cost for each of them for the past two years are as followed: Name| 2011| 2010| Attractions, buildings, and improvements| $17,662,000| $15,998,000| Leasehold improvements| 650,000| 644,000|Furniture, fixtures, and equipment| 13,746,000| 12,575,000| Land improvements| 3,727,000| 3,658,000| Total| $35,515,000| $32,875,000| The accumulated depreciation for 2011 was $19,572,000 where in 2010 it was $18,373,000. Does the company have intangible assets? If so what are the types of intangible assets (patent, copyrights, etc. ) and their amounts? What is the amount of amortization expense? What amounts on the most recent cash flow statement relate to the purchase and sale of intangible assets? How do intangible assets differ from property and equipment?What costs do we include in intangible assets? Walt Disney Company is required to test goodwill and other indefinite lived intangible assets for damage on an annual basis. The Statement of Financial Accounting Standards Number 142 requires that goodwill is allocated to various reporting units. At the end of each fiscal year, the company performs an annual damage test for goodwill and other indefinite lived intangible assets which include FCC license and trademarks. Amortizable intangible assets are usually amortized using the straight line method and the useful life is up to forty years.The costs to periodically renew Walt Disney’s intangible assets are expensed as incurred. The company also determined that there are currently no legal, competitive or economic factors that will materially limit the useful life of FCC licenses and trademark. Th e total amount of goodwill is $29,266,000. The goodwill and intangible assets by segment are as followed: Name| 2011| 2010| Media Networks| $17,421,000| $17,442,000| Parks and Resorts| 172,000| 171,000| Studio Entertainment| 6,498,000| 6,416,000| Consumer Products| 3,715,000| 3,699,000| Interactive Media| 1,330,000| 1,323,000|Corporate| 130,000| 130,000| Total| $29,266,000| $29,181,000| The net amortizable intangible assets total is $3,161,000. Intangible assets are assets that are not physical but intellectual property. For example, patents, trademarks, and copyrights are examples of intangible assets. It can be classified as either indefinite or definite depending on the specifics of the asset. However, property and equipment is a physical asset that is important to business operations but cannot easily be liquidated. The value of this asset is depreciated over an estimated life.What are the footnote disclosures relating to goodwill and the related acquisition? Please also describ e the calculation of goodwill and how we account for differences between fair value and book value of assets acquired. The footnote disclosures relating to goodwill are under Acquisitions. Marvel Entertainment, Inc. , a character-based entertainment company, is required to allocate the purchase price to tangible and identifiable intangible assets obtained and liabilities assumed based on their fair values. The excess of the purchase price over those fair values is recorded as goodwill.This reflects the value to Disney from leveraging Marvel intangible asset. The goodwill recorded as part of this acquisition is not amortizable for tax purposes. Goodwill can be calculated by using one of the three methods which are average profit method, super profits method, and capitalization method. By using the average profit method, goodwill is calculated on the basis of the average profit of previous years. The formula is Goodwill = Average Profit x Number of Years Purchase. The next method, sup er profits method, is a method which tries to measure the capital needed for earning a super profit.There are three steps to this method which are as followed: [1] Normal Profits = Capital Invested x Normal Rate of Return / 100 [2] Super Profits = Actual Profits – Normal Profits [3] Goodwill = Super Profit x Number of Years Purchased The final method to calculate goodwill is capitalization method which is the whole value of the company is calculated by capitalization of the average or actual profits. The formula is Goodwill = [Actual Profits / Normal Rate of Return] x 100 (Study Test Time). What are the company's depreciation methods?What is the range of estimated useful lives used for depreciating their assets? Walt Disney Company uses the straight line method for depreciation. According to Stock Analysis on Net, the estimated useful lives for attractions: 25-40 years, buildings and improvements: 20-40 years, leasehold improvements: life of lease or asset life if less, land improvements: 20-40 years, and furniture, fixtures, and equipment: 3-25 years. What are the company's footnote disclosures relating to impairment? Please also describe how to determine if impairment exists and how to calculate the impairment loss.Walt Disney Company recorded $33 million for Studio Entertainment and $22 million for Interactive Media creating a total of $55 million in restricting and impairment charges during 2011 for compensation and amenities costs. While in 2010, they recorded $151 million for Studio Entertainment, $95 million for Media Networks, and impairment charges of $132 million generating a total of $270 million in restricting and impairment charges. What are the amounts and descriptions for the company's current liabilities for the most recent year?Does the company have any contingent liabilities? If yes, please describe. What are the three categories of contingent liabilities and the treatment for each type? Does the company have any subsequent events disc losed in their footnotes? If so, please describe them. Walt Disney’s current liabilities are the total obligations incurred as part of normal operations that are expected to be paid during the financial period. The current liabilities are accounts payable and other accrued liabilities, current portion of borrowings, unearned royalties and other advances.The company is involved with legal proceedings and has accrued estimates of the probable and estimable losses for the resolution of these claims. They are also certain contractual arrangements that would require the company to make payments or provide funding if specific situations occur. On May 19, 2004, Celador International Ltd. , an associate of the television program â€Å"Who Wants to be a Millionaire,† filed a lawsuit against Walt Disney Company and some of its branches, which included the American Broadcasting Companies, Inc. nd Buena Vista Television, LLC, stated that Walt Disney Company did not pay the their s hare of the profits. On July 7, 2010, the jury announced their verdict for breaching the contract against certain branches of the Walt Disney Company and awarding $269. 4 for the plaintiff in damages. Walt Disney Company believed the jury’s verdict is wrong and is trying to pursue an appeal. What are the amounts and descriptions for all of the company's long-term liabilities on their balance sheet for the most recent two years? What is the interest expense for the two most recent years?What amounts are included in the cash flow statements for proceeds from issuance of debt and repayment of debt for the most recent year? For each note payable discussed in the footnotes disclosures, what is the interest rate, total amount borrowed, and maturity date? In the section of Liabilities in the Balance Sheet provides creditors, investors, and analysts with information on company’s resources and its sources of capital. It also provides information about the future earnings amount of a company’s assets along with cash flows that may come from receivables and inventories.The long term liabilities are the total obligations incurred as part of normal operations that is expected to be repaid beyond one year or business cycle. Walt Disney Company’s long term liabilities increased from 2010 to 2011. The total long term debt for 2011 was $12,454,000 and deferred income taxes were $3,150,000. For 2010, the total long term debt was $12,582,000 and deferred income taxes were $3,206,000. The income statement provides information on the financial results of the company’s business activities over a period of time.It also communicates how much revenue the company generates during a period and what cost it has incurred that connects with generating that revenue. The interest expense for the fiscal year of 2011 was $343 million and for 2010 was $409 million. The amounts that are included in the cash flow statements for proceeds from issuance of debt and repayment of debt for the fiscal year of 2011 are commercial paper borrowings was $393 million, borrowings was $2,350 million, and reduction of borrowings was $1,096 million. Under Note 9: Borrowings, there is an outline for each of the notes ayables. Commercial paper debt outstanding, which is a short term unsecured promissory notes issued by companies, was at $1. 6 billion by October 1, 2011. In February 2011, the company agreed to another four-year $2. 25 billion bank facility with a group of leaders which will mature by 2013. At the end of the fiscal year, the company has a shelf registration statement which allows the Walt Disney Company to issue various types of debt, for example fixed or floating rate notes, US dollar or foreign currency, redeemable notes, global notes, and dual currency.Another note payable is U. S. Medium Term Note Program where the total debt outstanding was $8. 4 billion. The maturities of current outstanding borrowings rang between one to eight two year s and the interest rate ranges from 0% to 7. 55%. European Medium Term Note Program is another note for the issuance of various types of debt that include fixed or floating rate notes, U. S. dollar or foreign currency denominated notes, redeemable notes, or dual currency notes. It matures in 2013 and has an interest rate of 1. 65%.Next, is Other Foreign Currency Denominated Debt where the company has a credit agreement in Canadian dollars which matures in 2013 and has an interest rate of 1. 42%. Lastly, Capital Cities/ABC Debt has an outstanding balance of $114 million, matures in 2021, and has an interest rate of 8. 75%. Does the company have bonds payable? If so, what are the amounts? Please also describe how bonds payable differ from notes payable and how to account for the issuance of bonds at par, at a discount, and at a premium. How is the discount and premium amortized?What is the effective interest method? Walt Disney Company issued corporate 30 year bonds in this fiscal yea r. These bonds are high quality long term and are worth $600 million. A note payable is a written agreement between a lender and a borrower to pay stated sums of money at future dates, classified a current or non-current of the balance sheet date. Bonds payable are a long term liability account containing the face amount, par amount, or maturity amount of the bonds issued by a company that are outstanding as of the balance sheet date.If the coupon rate of a bond matches with the market rate of interest when the bonds are actually sold to investors, then the bonds will sell at par value. Bonds are issued at a discount when the coupon interest rate is below the market interest rate which leads to the company receiving less cash than the face value of the bonds. A bond will trade at a premium when it offers a coupon rate that is higher than current interest rates. When bonds are sold at a discount or premium, the interest rate is adjusted from the face rate to an effective that is clos e to the market rate when the bonds were issued.It is important to amortize the discount or premium bonds over the life of the bonds by using the straight line method which allocated a fixed portion of the bond discount or premium each interest period to adjust the interest payment to interest expense. When a bond is sold at a discount, the amount of the bond discount is amortized to interest expense over the life of the bond. According to Investopedia, the effective interest method is the practice of accounting for the discount at which a bond is sold as an interest expense to be amortized over the life of bond (Investopedia, 2012).In other words, the effective interest method is a technique for calculating the actual interest rate in a period based on the book value at the beginning of the accounting period. Does the company have capital leases? If so, what are the amounts and terms of the leases? What are the four criteria for a lease to be considered a capital lease? What are th e additional criteria for the lessor? What is the difference between a sales-type lease and a direct financing lease? Walt Disney Company carries a capital lease obligations of $288 million in the fiscal year of 2011 and $224 million in the fiscal year of 2010.They have non-cancelable capital lease which is mainly for land and broadcast equipment. The future payments for the leases are as followed: 2012 $70 2013 $59 2014 $51 2015 $60 2016 $27 Thereafter $519 Total minimum obligations $786Less amount representing interest ($480) Present value of net minimum obligations $306 Less current portion ($18) Long-term portion $288 (The Walt Disney Company, 2012)In order for a lease to be considered a capital lease the four criteria are [1] title of the asset passes automatically from the lessor to the lessee at the end of the lease term, [2] lease contains a bargain purchase option under which the lessee may acquire the leased-asset at less than its fair market value of the end of the lease terms, [3] lease term is for a period longer than 75% of the estimated economic life of the asset, or [4] the present value of the lease payments is greater than 90% of the fair market value of the asset at the beginning of the lease term.The additional conditions for the lessor are [1] the collectability of minimum lease payments is assured and (2) no important uncertainties surround the amount of un-reimbursable costs yet to be incurred. Sales-type lease is a lease where a company rents its own assets that it needs to run its business. This lease is used when a manufacturer is leasing a property or the usage of property.Because the lessee receives the use of property in exchange for payments and assumes the liability for the asset, the lease looks like the purchase of an item. However, the lessor expects the lessee to return the equipment or provide payment for its purchase when the expiration of the lease is up. On the other hand, direct financing lease is a lease agreement where the lessor obtains equipment for the purpose of leasing it and generating revenue through interest payments.The lessor is not a manufacturer or dealer and the lessor purchases the property only for the purpose of leasing it. The main difference between sales-type leases and direct financing lease is the value of the lease in relation to the property. In a sales-type lease, the lessor records a profit or loss on a property based on the amount of payments received. On the contrary in the direct financing lease, the lessor only earns profit on the interest from sending out payment amounts.Today, Walt Disney Company operates under a new and reengineered model that has worked to increase revenues by creating and exploring original across their five business segments. The company is developed on tradition with a well-defined vision for the future and continues to distinguish itself among other companies. As the company moves forward, they have a solid financial profile which will provide the company constant financial flexibility. Bibliography Investopedia. (2012).Retrieved August 2012, from Effective Interest Method: http://www. investopedia. com/terms/e/effective-interest-method. asp#axzz23eVWKTSl The Walt Disney Company. (2012, January). Retrieved August 2012, from Fiscal Year 2011 Annual Financial Report and Shareholder Letter: http://cdn. media. ir. thewaltdisneycompany. com/2011/annual/WDC-10kwrap-2011. pdf Study Test Time. (n. d. ). Retrieved August 2012, from Methods of Valuation of Goodwill: http://www. studytesttime. com/about-goodwill/10-methods-of-valuation-of-goodwill